Should I resend my IRS tax return papers via FedEx or UPS, considering my USPS Certified Mail hasn't been delivered, and it's been over 6 weeks without any information on my refund, or is there a recommended course of action to follow in this situation?

Even if you don't qualify as a US Resident for tax purposes, there are ways to e-file a 1040 NR. You can go to a CPA or Enrolled Agent (the two main types of tax professionals), which might be a good idea because they can help you determine if you should file a 1040 as a US Resident or 1040-NR as a Nonresident. On an L1 visa you can be considered a US Resident for tax purposes under the Substantial Presence test.

Substantial Presence Test

A tax professional can also help you figure out if you have a FBAR and/or FATCA filing requirement.

Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR)

Summary of FATCA Reporting for U.S. Taxpayers

Sprintax is a popular website to self-prepare and e-file a 1040-NR return.

The only time you absolutely need to mail in a tax return is if you don't have a SSN issued by Social Security and need to apply for an ITIN with your return, or if you have had tax-related identity theft.

You should wait until beginning of October to see if your return shows up on Where's My Refund - it's taking about six months to process tax returns filed on paper. If you don't see anything, then you might want to try using Sprintax to e-file your return for 2022. I think Sprintax should let you e-file 2022 tax returns until October 15 this year.

When you e-file you get an email letting you know whether your return was accepted or rejected by IRS, usually within 48 hours.

This does run the risk of having a duplicate return condition with IRS which can cause an even longer delay. Usually it's not recommended to send in another tax return until it's been at least one year.

With the mail system kind of in disarray it's hard to know if the returns were actually delivered or not. Paper tax returns don't get entered in the IRS computer for a few months after the returns are opened in the mail room, so there's no way to track your return until that happens.

I had many copies of a letter sent to me certified mail because the USPS carrier just left them in my mailbox instead of having me sign the return receipt - if that's happening to me I'm sure it's happening with IRS mail as well.